Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 56
Youngest recorded age at locality: 33.9

mindat Locality ID: 3332
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-3332.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 32°52'57"N
Longitude: 110°19'2"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 32.8825,-110.31722222222
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Ba Br C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si V W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ag Al As Ba Br C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si V W Zn 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAluniteApatiteAragoniteAravaipaiteBaryteBrauniteBrochantiteCaledonite
ChalcanthiteChalcopyriteClayCopperCorundumCovelliteDescloiziteDevillineDiasporeEpsomite
FluoriteLinariteMalachiteMicaMiniumNoneNot in a structural groupPyriteQuartzRocksalt
ScheeliteSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteTetrahedrite

55 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Anglesite  (*)Antlerite  (*)Aravaipaite  (*)Artroeite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Beaverite-(Cu)  (*)Bonattite  (*)Braunite  (*)
Brochantite  (*)Bromargyrite  (*)Calcioaravaipaite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Covellite  (*)
Creedite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Descloizite  (*)Devilline  (*)Fluorite  (*)
Galena  (*)Gearksutite  (*)Goethite  (*)Goslarite  (*)Grandreefite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Hydrocerussite  (*)Laurelite  (*)Leadhillite  (*)Linarite  (*)
Litharge  (*)Malachite  (*)Massicot  (*)Mimetite  (*)Minium  (*)
Montmorillonite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Pinalite  (*)Plumbogummite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)
Prosopite  (*)Pseudograndreefite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Quartz  (*)Scotlandite  (*)
Shannonite  (*)Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S5633.902793
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)5633.902734
Antlerite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2+3(SO4)(OH)45633.90246
Aravaipaite  (*)AravaipaitePb3AlF9·H2O5633.901
Artroeite  (*)NonePbAlF3(OH)25633.903
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)25633.905509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)5633.9011547
Beaverite-(Cu)  (*)AlunitePb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)65633.90132
Bonattite  (*)NoneCu(SO4)·3H2O5633.9021
Braunite  (*)BrauniteMn2+Mn3+6O8(SiO4)5633.90483
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)65633.901633
Bromargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgBr5633.90227
Calcioaravaipaite  (*)AravaipaitePbCa2AlF95633.902
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)65633.90359
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)5633.904979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O5633.90925
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS25633.9027198
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl5633.901382
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O5633.903531
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS5633.904165
Creedite  (*)NoneCa3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8·2H2O5633.9048
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O5633.902970
Descloizite  (*)DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)5633.90378
Devilline  (*)DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O5633.90366
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF25633.909617
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS5633.9024243
Gearksutite  (*)NoneCaAlF4(OH)·H2O5633.9068
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)5633.907437
Goslarite  (*)EpsomiteZn(SO4)·7H2O5633.90188
Grandreefite  (*)NonePb2(SO4)F25633.902
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O35633.9014640
Hydrocerussite  (*)NonePb3(CO3)2(OH)25633.90201
Laurelite  (*)NonePb7F12Cl25633.903
Leadhillite  (*)NonePb4(SO4)(CO3)2(OH)25633.90265
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)25633.90987
Litharge  (*)NonePbO5633.90139
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)25633.9012537
Massicot  (*)NonePbO5633.90202
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl5633.901107
Minium  (*)MiniumPb2+2Pb4+O45633.90247
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O5633.901508
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)25633.9017380
Pinalite  (*)NonePb3(WO4)OCl25633.902
Plumbogummite  (*)AlunitePbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)65633.90170
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)65633.90477
Prosopite  (*)NoneCaAl2F4(OH)45633.9039
Pseudograndreefite  (*)NonePb6(SO4)F105633.901
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS25633.9039462
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO25633.9061156
Scotlandite  (*)NonePb(S4+O3)5633.9025
Shannonite  (*)NonePb2O(CO3)5633.908
Silver  (*)CopperAg5633.905186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS5633.9021482
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S135633.905317
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO45633.901655


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
sedznpb-004435633.9Eocene?     Yes  29785Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAAravaipaSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R100004Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100004
R100032Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100032
R100034Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100034
R070424Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070424
R100033Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100033
R100012Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100012
R100011Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100011
R100035Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100035
R050668Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050668
R100006Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100006
R100043Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USAhttps://rruff.info/R100043

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...

Other copyright data...