Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 63.5
Youngest recorded age at locality: 17.97

mindat Locality ID: 31071
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-31071.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA": 81
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 64

Number of Child Localities: 17
Child Localities:
Belcher Mine
Boston Property (California Extension; Tuff Surprise; White Horse Claims; Hoover Extension; Cyclone)
Eureka Mine
Falcon Mines
Hard Cash Mine
Hutton Peak Area
Kings Crown Peak Area
Lewis Mine
North King Mine
Potts Canyon
Red Top Group (Nellis Claim)
Roblas Butte Area
Silver Queen Mine
Snow White Perlite Mine
South King Mine
Superior
Surprise Mine

Latitude: 33°20'5"N
Longitude: 111°7'6"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 33.334722222222,-111.11833333333

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Acanthite	Allophane	Amphibole	Andalusite	Apatite	Aragonite	Arsenic	Baryte	Brochantite	Calcite
Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Copiapite	Copper	Coquimbite	Coronadite	Corundum	Covellite
Cubanite	Diaspore	Digenite	Enargite	Epidote	Fluorite	Garnet	Germanite	Gypsum	Kaolinite
Kieserite	Malachite	Mica	Molybdenite	None	Not in a structural group	Polybasite	Pyrite	Pyrophyllite	Quartz
Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Serpentine	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stannite	Tetrahedrite	Topaz
Voltaite	Wurtzite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O Pb S Sb Si V Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Acanthite Allophane Amphibole Andalusite Apatite Aragonite Arsenic Baryte Brochantite Calcite
Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Copiapite Copper Coquimbite Coronadite Corundum Covellite
Cubanite Diaspore Digenite Enargite Epidote Fluorite Garnet Germanite Gypsum Kaolinite
Kieserite Malachite Mica Molybdenite None Not in a structural group Polybasite Pyrite Pyrophyllite Quartz
Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Serpentine Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite Spinel Stannite Tetrahedrite Topaz
Voltaite Wurtzite

81 IMA Minerals at location:

Acanthite ()*	Actinolite ()*	Alunite ()*	Andalusite ()*	Anglesite ()*
Anhydrite ()*	Ankerite ()*	Antimony ()*	Antlerite ()*	Aurichalcite ()*
Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bornite ()*	Brochantite ()*	Calcite ()*
Cerussite ()*	Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chlorargyrite ()*
Chrysocolla ()*	Chrysotile ()*	Colusite ()*	Copiapite ()*	Copper ()*
Coquimbite ()*	Coronadite ()*	Covellite ()*	Cryptomelane ()*	Cubanite ()*
Cuprite ()*	Dickite ()*	Digenite ()*	Dioptase ()*	Djurleite ()*
Enargite ()*	Epidote ()*	Famatinite ()*	Fluorite ()*	Freibergite ()*
Galena ()*	Gold ()*	Grossular ()*	Groutite ()*	Gypsum ()*
Hematite ()*	Hemimorphite ()*	Hetaerolite ()*	Hydrozincite ()*	Kaolinite ()*
Lindgrenite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Manganite ()*	Massicot ()*
Molybdenite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Olivenite ()*	Polybasite ()*	Proustite ()*
Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*	Pyrophyllite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*
Rhomboclase ()*	Sauconite ()*	Siderite ()*	Silver ()*	Sphalerite ()*
Stromeyerite ()*	Szomolnokite ()*	Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tenorite ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*
Topaz ()*	Vanadinite ()*	Voltaite ()*	Wittichenite ()*	Wulfenite ()*
Zunyite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite ()*	Acanthite	Ag₂S	62	60	2	145876,145897	2793
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	63.5	63.5	1	145940	3419
Alunite ()*	None	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	63.5	63.5	1	145940	966
Andalusite ()*	Andalusite	Al₂SiO₅	63.5	63.5	1	145940	1310
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)			1	145876	2734
Anhydrite ()*	Not in a structural group	Ca(SO₄)	63.5	63.5	1	145940	1588
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂	62	60	1	145931	3092
Antimony ()*	Arsenic	Sb			1	145876	363
Antlerite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu²⁺₃(SO₄)(OH)₄			1	145876	246
Aurichalcite ()*	None	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆			1	145876	919
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	62	60	3	145876,145897,145931	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	62	60	2	145876,145931	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	63.5	60	4	145876,145903,145931,145940	5516
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆	62	60	1	145931	1633
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	63.5	60	9	145876,145897,145898,145901,145903,145927,145929,145931,145940	27770
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	62	60	3	145876,145897,145898	4979
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	62	60	1	145931	925
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	63.5	60	7	145876,145890,145897,145903,145927,145931,145940	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	63.5	60	5	145876,145897,145926,145931,145940	27198
Chlorargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgCl	62	60	5	145865,145867,145876,145897,145899	1382
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O	62	60	3	145903,145927,145931	3531
Chrysotile ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄	62	60	3	145878,145889,145905	951
Colusite ()*	Sphalerite Germanite	Cu₁₃VAs₃S₁₆	62	60	1	145931	110
Copiapite ()*	Copiapite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	62	60	1	145931	382
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	62	60	2	145876,145931	3846
Coquimbite ()*	Coquimbite	AlFe₃(SO₄)₆(H₂O)₁₂·6H₂O	62	60	1	145931	136
Coronadite ()*	Coronadite	Pb(Mn⁴⁺₆Mn³⁺₂)O₁₆	62	60	1	145931	227
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	63.5	60	3	145876,145931,145940	4165
Cryptomelane ()*	Coronadite	K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆	62	60	1	145931	599
Cubanite ()*	Cubanite Wurtzite	CuFe₂S₃	62	60	1	145931	802
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	62	60	3	145876,145903,145931	2970
Dickite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	63.5	63.5	1	145940	651
Digenite ()*	Digenite	Cu_1.8S	63.5	60	2	145931,145940	1027
Dioptase ()*	None	CuSiO₃·H₂O	62	60	2	145931,145933	164
Djurleite ()*	None	Cu₃₁S₁₆	62	60	1	145931	300
Enargite ()*	Enargite Wurtzite	Cu₃AsS₄	63.5	60	2	145931,145940	910
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	63.5	63.5	1	145940	8173
Famatinite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₃SbS₄	62	60	1	145931	163
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	63.5	60	3	145876,145931,145940	9617
Freibergite ()*	Tetrahedrite	Ag₆[Cu₄Fe₂]Sb₄S₁₂			1	145876	663
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	63.5	60	6	145876,145894,145897,145931,145937,145940	24243
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	62	60	6	145876,145897,145899,145912,145927,145931	30554
Grossular ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	62	60	1	145931	1544
Groutite ()*	Diaspore	Mn³⁺O(OH)	62	60	1	145931	72
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	62	60	1	145931	6890
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	63.5	60	6	145876,145899,145907,145927,145931,145940	14640
Hemimorphite ()*	Not in a structural group	Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	62	60	1	145931	1689
Hetaerolite ()*	Spinel	ZnMn³⁺₂O₄	62	60	1	145910	73
Hydrozincite ()*	None	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	62	60	2	145916,145931	1066
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	63.5	63.5	1	145940	5591
Lindgrenite ()*	None	Cu₃(Mo⁶⁺O₄)₂(OH)₂	62	60	1	145893	21
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	63.5	60	2	145931,145940	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	62	60	6	145876,145890,145897,145903,145927,145931	12537
Manganite ()*	Rutile	Mn³⁺O(OH)	62	60	3	145876,145898,145931	770
Massicot ()*	None	PbO			1	145876	202
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	63.5	63.5	1	145940	5800
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	63.5	60	2	145931,145940	17380
Olivenite ()*	Andalusite	Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)	62	60	2	145931,145933	492
Polybasite ()*	Polybasite	[Ag₉CuS₄][(Ag,Cu)₆(Sb,As)₂S₇]			1	145876	716
Proustite ()*	None	Ag₃AsS₃	62	60	1	145897	733
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	63.5	60	7	145876,145897,145903,145917,145927,145931,145940	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂	62	60	4	145901,145910,145929,145931	3106
Pyrophyllite ()*	Clay Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	63.5	63.5	1	145940	771
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	63.5	60	8	145876,145886,145897,145901,145912,145930,145931,145940	61156
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)	62	60	1	145931	1711
Rhomboclase ()*	Not in a structural group	(H₅O₂)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂·2H₂O	62	60	1	145931	53
Sauconite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	Na_0.3Zn₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·4H₂O	62	60	1	145931	56
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	62	60	3	145876,145901,145931	6417
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	62	60	4	145876,145897,145927,145931	5186
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	63.5	60	4	145876,145897,145931,145940	21482
Stromeyerite ()*	None	CuAgS	62	60	2	145876,145931	332
Szomolnokite ()*	Kieserite	Fe(SO₄)·H₂O	62	60	1	145931	139
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₃	62	60	1	145931	1803
Tenorite ()*	None	CuO	62	60	1	145931	1101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	62	60	2	145876,145931	5317
Topaz ()*	Topaz	Al₂SiO₄F₂	63.5	63.5	1	145940	1476
Vanadinite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl	62	60	4	145876,145897,145898,145931	605
Voltaite ()*	Voltaite	K₂Fe²⁺₅Fe³⁺₃Al(SO₄)₁₂·18H₂O	62	60	1	145931	111
Wittichenite ()*	None	Cu₃BiS₃	62	60	1	145931	297
Wulfenite ()*	Scheelite	PbMoO₄	62	60	5	145876,145897,145898,145899,145931	1655
Zunyite ()*	None	Al₁₃Si₅O₂₀(OH,F)₁₈Cl	63.5	63.5	1	145940	86

3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Sample Num	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID
Giersdorf_00000428	18.73	17.97	18.35±0.38	K-Ar	UAKA-73-109			14241	Superior, Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA	Reevis Canyon	Shafiqullah et al. (1980)		AGSD12_201
Mo-00129	62	60		X, Strat		Lindgrenite, Wulfenite	Mo	14241	Superior, Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA		Manske and Paul (2002)	10.2113/gsecongeo.97.2.197	EG97_197
PorphCu-00705	63.5	63.5	probably Laramide			Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Epidote, Fluorite, Molybdenite, Pyrite, Topaz	Cu	265644	Resolution Deposit, Superior, Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA	Resolution	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...