Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, Spain

Oldest recorded age at locality: 11.8
Youngest recorded age at locality: 8.6

mindat Locality ID: 204020
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-204020.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, Spain": 23
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 15

Number of Child Localities: 8
Child Localities:
Agua Amarga
Bichas Hill
Cape Gata
El Hoyazo
Huebro
Los Escullos
Rodalquilar
San José

Latitude: 36°49'28"N
Longitude: 2°6'54"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 36.824444444444,-2.115
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Br C Ca Cl Co Cu F Fe H Hg I K Mg Mn Mo N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Se Si Sr Te U V Y Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al O Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAllophaneAluniteAmorphousAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArseniosideriteArthuriteAtacamite
BaryteBerylBrackebuschiteBrochantiteCalciteCaledoniteChalcanthiteChalcopyriteChenevixiteClay
ConnelliteCopperCoronaditeCorundumCovelliteCristobaliteDescloiziteDevillineDiasporeDigenite
EnargiteFeldsparFerrieriteFluoriteGarnetGypsumHalotrichiteHeulanditeKaoliniteKtenasite
LöllingiteLinariteMalachiteMeloniteMicaMixiteMordeniteNoneNot in a structural groupPharmacosiderite
PhenakitePyritePyrophyllitePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSerpentineSphalerite
SpinelTetrahedriteWurtzite

119 IMA Minerals at location:
Agardite-(Y)  (*)Almandine  (*)Alunite  (*)Ammoniojarosite  (*)Anglesite  (*)
Arseniosiderite  (*)Arthurite  (*)Asbolane  (*)Atacamite  (*)Augite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bayldonite  (*)Beaverite-(Cu)  (*)Boleite  (*)
Bornite  (*)Brackebuschite  (*)Brochantite  (*)Bromargyrite  (*)Calaverite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Calderónite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalcophanite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chenevixite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)
Chrysocolla  (*)Clinoatacamite  (*)Clinoptilolite-Ca  (*)Clinoptilolite-K  (*)Clinoptilolite-Na  (*)
Conichalcite  (*)Connellite  (*)Cordierite  (*)Cornwallite  (*)Coronadite  (*)
Covellite  (*)Cristobalite  (*)Diaspore  (*)Dickite  (*)Digenite  (*)
Dolomite  (*)Duftite  (*)Emmonsite  (*)Enargite  (*)Ferrierite-Mg  (*)
Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Fraipontite  (*)Galena  (*)Gartrellite  (*)
Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Gypsum  (*)Halotrichite  (*)Hematite  (*)
Hemimorphite  (*)Hercynite  (*)Hidalgoite  (*)Hydroniumpharmacoalumite  (*)Iodargyrite  (*)
Jarosite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kasolite  (*)Krennerite  (*)Ktenasite  (*)
Lavendulan  (*)Linarite  (*)Löllingite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)
Metasideronatrite  (*)Miersite  (*)Mimetite  (*)Mordenite  (*)Mottramite  (*)
Mullite  (*)Munakataite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Natropharmacoalumite  (*)Natropharmacosiderite  (*)
Olivenite  (*)Opal  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Osarizawaite  (*)Paratacamite  (*)
Paratellurite  (*)Parnauite  (*)Perroudite  (*)Pharmacoalumite  (*)Pharmacosiderite  (*)
Plumbojarosite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrophyllite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Rodalquilarite  (*)Rosasite  (*)Scorodite  (*)Segnitite  (*)Siderite  (*)
Sillimanite  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Svanbergite  (*)
Tellurite  (*)Tellurium  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Vanadinite  (*)
Willemite  (*)Woodhouseite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)Zunyite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Agardite-(Y)  (*)MixiteYCu2+6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O11.88.6110778290
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)32107770,1077712353
Alunite  (*)NoneKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6119.56107775,107777,107778,107779,107780,107782966
Ammoniojarosite  (*)Alunite(NH4)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)610.79.5110777830
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)11.88.64107775,107777,107781,1077842734
Arseniosiderite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3·3H2O11.88.63107775,107777,107782194
Arthurite  (*)ArthuriteCuFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2·4H2O11.88.6110778235
Asbolane  (*)Not in a structural groupMn4+(O,OH)2·(Co,Ni,Mg,Ca)x(OH)2x·nH2O1107773143
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)311.88.63107775,107777,107784544
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O611077682060
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)211.88.63107773,107775,1077825509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)11.88.63107773,107775,10778511547
Bayldonite  (*)NoneCu3PbO(AsO3OH)2(OH)211.88.61107777172
Beaverite-(Cu)  (*)AlunitePb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)611.88.62107775,107777132
Boleite  (*)NoneKAg9Pb26Cu24Cl62(OH)4811.88.6110777765
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS411.88.62107775,1077825516
Brackebuschite  (*)BrackebuschitePb2Mn3+(VO4)2(OH)11.88.6110778215
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)611.88.63107775,107777,1077841633
Bromargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgBr1107784227
Calaverite  (*)MeloniteAuTe210.410.41107775361
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)11.88.64107773,107775,107782,10778427770
Calderónite  (*)BrackebuschitePb2Fe3+(VO4)2(OH)11.88.62107775,10778229
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)611.88.62107777,107784359
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)11.88.65107773,107775,107777,107782,1077844979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O11.88.63107775,107777,107782925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S11.88.62107777,1077805707
Chalcophanite  (*)NoneZnMn4+3O7·3H2O1107784197
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS211.88.63107773,107775,10778227198
Chenevixite  (*)ChenevixiteCuFe3+(AsO4)(OH)211.88.62107775,10778290
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl11.88.63107775,107777,1077821382
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O11.88.63107773,107782,1077843531
Clinoatacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)311.88.6110777743
Clinoptilolite-Ca  (*)HeulanditeCa3(Si30Al6)O72·20H2O110777433
Clinoptilolite-K  (*)HeulanditeK6(Si30Al6)O72·20H2O110777413
Clinoptilolite-Na  (*)HeulanditeNa6(Si30Al6)O72·20H2O11.88.62107774,10777524
Conichalcite  (*)AdeliteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)11.88.62107773,107782363
Connellite  (*)ConnelliteCu36(SO4)(OH)62Cl8·6H2O11.88.63107775,107777,107782295
Cordierite  (*)BerylMg2Al4Si5O182107770,1077711008
Cornwallite  (*)NoneCu5(AsO4)2(OH)411.88.61107782175
Coronadite  (*)CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O1611.88.65107773,107775,107777,107781,107782227
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS11.88.64107773,107775,107780,1077844165
Cristobalite  (*)CristobaliteSiO21107771453
Diaspore  (*)DiasporeAlO(OH)11.88.61107775481
Dickite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)411.88.61107775651
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S11.88.62107775,1077821027
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)22107773,1077859895
Duftite  (*)AdelitePbCu(AsO4)(OH)11.88.63107773,107777,107781220
Emmonsite  (*)NoneFe3+2(Te4+O3)3·2H2O10.410.4110778034
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS411.88.63107775,107777,107780910
Ferrierite-Mg  (*)Ferrierite[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72·18H2O110777434
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F11.88.62107775,1077822740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF211077739617
Fraipontite  (*)Clay Serpentine(Zn,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4110778449
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS11.88.66107773,107775,107777,107782,107784,10778524243
Gartrellite  (*)NonePbCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH)·H2O11.88.6110777741
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)11.88.62107775,1077827437
Gold  (*)CopperAu10.410.46107775,107777,107779,107780,107782,10778430554
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O11.88.63107766,107775,1077826890
Halotrichite  (*)HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4·22H2O11.88.61107775409
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O310.79.52107775,10778014640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O11.88.63107773,107777,1077841689
Hercynite  (*)SpinelFe2+Al2O41107771407
Hidalgoite  (*)AlunitePbAl3(SO4)(AsO4)(OH)611.88.62107775,10777757
Hydroniumpharmacoalumite  (*)Pharmacosiderite(H3O)Al4(AsO4)3(OH)4·4.5H2O11.88.611077821
Iodargyrite  (*)WurtziteAgI11.88.62107777,107782180
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)611.88.65107777,107779,107780,107782,1077842228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)411.88.63107775,107780,1077825591
Kasolite  (*)NonePb(UO2)(SiO4)·H2O1107767198
Krennerite  (*)NoneAu3AgTe810.410.41107780111
Ktenasite  (*)Ktenasite DevillineZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·6H2O11.88.6110778275
Lavendulan  (*)NoneNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl·5H2O11.88.62107777,107782149
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)211.88.62107777,107784987
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs211.88.61107782762
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)211.88.66107768,107773,107775,107777,107782,10778412537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)11.88.61107775770
Metasideronatrite  (*)NoneNa2Fe3+(SO4)2(OH)·H2O11.88.62107775,10778228
Miersite  (*)SphaleriteAgI11.88.6110778210
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl11.88.67107773,107775,107776,107777,107781,107782,1077841107
Mordenite  (*)Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96·28H2O1107769405
Mottramite  (*)DescloizitePbCu(VO4)(OH)11.88.63107777,107781,107782362
Mullite  (*)NoneAl4+2xSi2-2xO10-x (x ≈ 0.4)11.88.6078
Munakataite  (*)LinaritePb2Cu2(Se4+O3)(SO4)(OH)411.88.6110777722
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)211.88.6110777517380
Natropharmacoalumite  (*)PharmacosideriteNaAl4(AsO4)3(OH)4·4H2O11.88.611077823
Natropharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteNaFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·4H2O11.88.6110778213
Olivenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(AsO4)(OH)11.88.63107775,107777,107782492
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O11.88.611077752994
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)11.88.62107777,1077822349
Osarizawaite  (*)AlunitePb(Al2Cu2+)(SO4)2(OH)611.88.62107777,10778164
Paratacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)Cl2(OH)611.88.62107777,107784158
Paratellurite  (*)RutileTeO210.410.4110778020
Parnauite  (*)NoneCu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10·7H2O11.88.61107782105
Perroudite  (*)NoneAg4Hg5S5(I,Br)2Cl211.88.6110778223
Pharmacoalumite  (*)PharmacosideriteKAl4(AsO4)3(OH)4·6.5H2O11.88.6110778217
Pharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·6-7H2O11.88.62107775,107782428
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)611.88.61107775477
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2119.85107773,107775,107777,107780,10778239462
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl11.88.63107775,107777,1077811725
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)211.410.21107775771
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO211.88.614107767,107768,107769,107771,107773,107774,107775,107776,107777,107780,107781,107782,107784,10778561156
Rodalquilarite  (*)NoneH3Fe3+2(Te4+O3)4Cl10.410.42107775,1077806
Rosasite  (*)MalachiteCuZn(CO3)(OH)211.88.62107777,107784454
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O11.88.64107775,107777,107780,1077821153
Segnitite  (*)AlunitePbFe3+3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)611.88.62107777,107782134
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)11077856417
Sillimanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2SiO52107770,1077711516
Silver  (*)CopperAg11.88.611077755186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)11.88.63107775,107777,1077842473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS11.88.66107775,107777,107781,107782,107784,10778521482
Svanbergite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)611.88.61107775105
Tellurite  (*)NoneTeO210.410.4110778052
Tellurium  (*)NoneTe10.410.41107775190
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S1311.88.62107775,1077821803
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1311.88.62107775,1077825317
Vanadinite  (*)ApatitePb5(VO4)3Cl11.88.63107775,107777,107782605
Willemite  (*)PhenakiteZn2SiO411.88.62107777,107784303
Woodhouseite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)611.88.6110777562
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO411.88.62107773,1077751655
Zunyite  (*)NoneAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl119.8110777586


7 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Kristen00185611.410.210.8±0.6K-Ar illite87A21  Pyrophyllite 31923Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, SpainRodalquilar DepositArribas et al. (1995)10.2113/gsecongeo.90.4.795EG90_795 
Kristen00185711.110.510.8±0.3K-Ar illite87A10  Quartz 31923Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, SpainRodalquilar DepositArribas et al. (1995)10.2113/gsecongeo.90.4.795EG90_795 
Kristen00185811.810.411.1±0.7K-Ar illite87A14  Quartz 31923Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, SpainRodalquilar DepositArribas et al. (1995)10.2113/gsecongeo.90.4.795EG90_795 
Kristen00185910.28.69.4±0.8K-Ar illite87A25  Quartz 31923Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, SpainRodalquilar DepositArribas et al. (1995)10.2113/gsecongeo.90.4.795EG90_795 
Kristen001861119.810.4±0.6K-Ar alunite87A111  AlunitePyrite, Quartz, Zunyite 31923Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, SpainRodalquilar DepositArribas et al. (1995)10.2113/gsecongeo.90.4.795EG90_795 
Kristen00186210.410.410.4±K-ArAu mineralization along with amorphous silica and pyritehigh     Au, Te, Sn31923Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, SpainRodalquilar DepositArribas et al. (1995)10.2113/gsecongeo.90.4.795EG90_795 
Kristen00186010.79.510.1±0.6K-Ar alunite87A150  AluniteHematite, Quartz 133044Cerro Del Cinto Mine, Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, SpainCinto Open PitArribas et al. (1995)10.2113/gsecongeo.90.4.795EG90_795 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
FKM-172El Hoyazo, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, Spainhttps://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-172
R070493María Josefa Mine, Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, Spainhttps://rruff.info/R070493
R060411María Josefa Mine, Rodalquilar, Níjar, Almería, Andalusia, Spainhttps://rruff.info/R060411

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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